Demographic variations in the rising incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in white males

One of the most notable changes in the Esophageal Cancer (EC) epidemiology is the rising incidence and prevalence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in developed countries, likely due to lifestyle and/or environmental factors that may play an important role in EAC onset. The aim of this systematic review was to collect and summarize all the available evidence regarding lifestyle, diet and EAC risk. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases in January 2021 for studies providing information about lifestyle, diet, WCRF/AICR recommendations and EAC risk. A total of 106 publications met the inclusion criteria. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are associated with increased EAC risk. Physical activity does not appear to have a significant direct role in EAC risk. A diet rich in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains appeared to be more protective than a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, and processed meat. Alcohol does not seem to be related to EAC whereas smokers, particularly heavy smokers, have an increased risk of EAC. Primary prevention remains the best option to avert EAC. BMI and WC, along with low consumption of red and processed meat, high consumption of plant food, and the avoidance of smoking are pivotal for EAC prevention.

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Racial and sex disparities in changing trends of squamous cell cancer of the anus (SSCA).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.520 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 520-520

Author(s):

Arjun Gupta ◽

Hong Zhu ◽

Alana Christie ◽

Jeffrey John Meyer ◽

Saad A. Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Cancer ◽

The United States ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

P Value ◽

Black Females ◽

White Males ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Rising Incidence ◽

Sex Disparities

520 Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SSCA) is one of only few cancers with rising incidence in the United States (US). This is believed to represent changing epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We explored the racial and sex disparities in the rising incidence of SSC. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify subjects with SCCA from 2000-2012. Age-standardized incidence rates (IR) per 100,000 for 2000-2012 time period were generated in Rate Session in SEER for white males (WM), white females (WF), black males (BM) and black females (BF). The 2000 US standard population was used for age standardization. The trend of change of IR between groups was compared by testing the interaction between time and group in the linear regression model. SAS 9.4 was used for analysis Results: Among 11,739 new cases of SSCA racial and sex distribution of cases was WM:32%, WF:54%, BM:5.4%, BF:5.4%. Median overall survival (OS) was WM:101 months (m), WF:139 m, BM: 71 m, BF 103 m (p < 0.005). The IR had the highest rate of increase for WF and BM (0.06/100,000 cases annually) while rates for BF and WM increased by 0.04 and 0.02/100,000 cases annually respectively. The overall test for difference in trend among WF, WM, BF and BM groups had a p-value of 0.0099. Conclusions: The rate of increase of SSCA IR is highest for WF and BM. Additionally WF have the highest age standardized incidence of SCCA as well as the highest OS compared to other groups. These data support disparities in epidemiology and survival of anal cancer.

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S0418 Rising Incidence and Increased Mortality Among Racial and Ethnic Minorities Diagnosed With Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/01.ajg.0000703720.89275.67 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. S208-S208

Author(s):

Hafiz Muhammad Sharjeel Arshad ◽

Ayesha Cheema ◽

Ayesha Arshad ◽

Supannee Rassameehiran ◽

Shreyans Doshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minorities ◽

Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽

Rising Incidence

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Lifestyle, WCRF/AICR Recommendations, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13103525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 3525

Author(s):

Daniele Nucci ◽

Alessio Marino ◽

Stefano Realdon ◽

Mariateresa Nardi ◽

Cristina Fatigoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

High Quality ◽

Direct Role ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Rising Incidence ◽

Ottawa Scale

One of the most notable changes in the epidemiology of esophageal cancer (EC) is the rising incidence and prevalence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in developed countries. The aim of this systematic review was to collect and summarize all the available evidence regarding lifestyle, diet, and EAC risk. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases in January 2021 for studies providing information about lifestyle, diet, WCRF/AICR recommendations, and EAC risk; published in English; without a time filter. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias. The results are stratified by risk factor. A total of 106 publications were included. Half of the case-control studies were judged as high quality, whilst practically all cohort studies were judged as high quality. Body mass index and waist circumference were associated with increased EAC risk. Physical activity did not appear to have a significant direct role in EAC risk. A diet rich in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains appeared to be more protective than a Western diet. Alcohol does not seem to be related to EAC, whereas smokers, particularly heavy smokers, have an increased risk of EAC. Prevention remains the best option to avert EAC. Comprehensible and easy to follow recommendations should be provided to all subjects. Protocol ID number: CRD-42021228762, no funds received.

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